Impact of 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 patients with respect to clinical and biochemical profile: An experience from a tertiary care hospital.

INTRODUCTION: Among the many micronutrients, Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 patients. DESIGN AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital between April 5, 2021, and May 5, 2021. RESULTS: Among 285 patients,77.2 % of the patients who stayed for more than 14 days were either Vitamin D insufficient or deficient [P value < 0.05]. In our study, the mean oxygen saturation at admission was 85.7 % in the Vitamin D deficiency group compared to 95.6 % in Vitamin D sufficiency patients [P value < 0.05]. Mean serum ferritin was 398 ng/ml in the Vitamin D deficiency group compared to 393 ng/ml in Vitamin D sufficiency patients [P value > 0.05]. The mean C-reactive protein was 107.6 mg/ml in the Vitamin D deficiency group compared to 21.8 ng/ml in Vitamin D sufficiency patients [P value < 0.05]. The mean D-Dimer was 2268 ng/ml in the Vitamin D deficiency group compared to 781 ng/ml in Vitamin D sufficiency patients [P value < 0.05]. In the non-survivor group,97.4 % were Vitamin D deficient and insufficient. Only 2 % of the patients who survived were Vitamin D deficient [P value < 0.05]. CONCLUSION: We observed that low 25-hydroxy Vitamin D levels were associated with lower oxygen saturation and higher acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II scores, requiring a more extended stay in the hospital. C-reactive protein and D-dimers were significantly higher in Vitamin D deficient patients, suggesting severe disease. We did not find statistically significant findings in the case of the correlation of serum ferritin levels with Vitamin D status.

Clinical and biochemical profile of COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Visakhapatnam, India during post unlock 2.0 - a retrospective study.

There have been more than 31378143 confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in India. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Because the risk of severe COVID-19 is not consistent across all individuals, uncertainty is linked to disease development. COVID-19 results have been related to systemic inflammation as a predictor. In COVID-19, increased levels of inflammatory markers have been associated with cytokine storm, coagulopathy, and endothelial dysfunction. A significant amount of research suggests that these results have a role in the cause of death in individuals suffering from a severe form of COVID-19. We aim to show our experience of COVID-19 at GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (GIMSR), Visakhapatnam. We analyzed data on 558 patients admitted to our dedicated COVID hospital during post unlock (UL) 2.0 in India from August 2 to August 31, 2020. The mean age was 43.65 years; 69% of them were male. Using MoHFW India severity guidelines, 68.10% were mild, 18.64% were moderate, and 13.26% were severe cases. Fatigue (66.13%) was the most common complaint, followed by anosmia (63.80%), fever (57.53%), diarrhea (56.09%), shortness of breath (22.40%), and others. The most common preexisting comorbidity seen in our patients was diabetes mellitus and hypertension, respectively. Laboratory parameters revealed mean hemoglobin of 13.04±1.91 gm/dl, mean total leukocyte count of 7378.49±3229 cells/cumm, mean platelet count of 2.3±0.8 lakhs/cumm, mean erythrocyte sediment rate of 40±30 mm/hr, mean ferritin level of 335.96 ng/ml, mean D-dimer level of 794.88 ng/ml and mean CRP of 23.27 mg/l. Severity was associated with higher age, symptomatic presentation, elevated leucocytes, and elevated inflammatory markers.